Compare Czech Republic (2002) - Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2006)

Compare Czech Republic (2002) z Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2006)

	Czech Republic (2002)	Heard Island and McDonald Islands (2006)

Administrative divisions	13 regions (kraje, singular - kraj) and 1 capital city* (hlavni mesto); Jihocesky Kraj, Jihomoravsky Kraj, Karlovarsky Kraj, Kralovehradecky Kraj, Liberecky Kraj, Moravskoslezsky Kraj, Olomoucky Kraj, Pardubicky Kraj, Plzensky Kraj, Praha*, Stredocesky Kraj, Ustecky Kraj, Vysocina, Zlinsky Kraj	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 15.7% (male 828,273; female 786,617) 15-64 years: 70.3% (male 3,605,766; female 3,603,058) 65 years and over: 14% (male 551,852; female 881,194) (2002 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	wheat, potatoes, sugar beets, hops, fruit; pigs, poultry	-
Airports	121 (2001)	-
Airports - with paved runways	total: 44 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 9 1,524 to 2,437 m: 14 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 17 (2002)	-
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 76 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 27 under 914 m: 48 (2002)	-
Area	total: 78,866 sq km land: 77,276 sq km water: 1,590 sq km	total: 412 sq km land: 412 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than South Carolina	slightly more than two times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Following the First World War, the closely related Czechs and Slovaks of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire merged to form Czechoslovakia. During the interwar years, the new country's leaders were frequently preoccupied with meeting the demands of other ethnic minorities within the republic, most notably the Sudeten Germans and the Ruthenians (Ukrainians). After World War II, Czechoslovakia fell within the Soviet sphere of influence. In 1968, an invasion by Warsaw Pact troops ended the efforts of the country's leaders to liberalize Communist party rule and create "socialism with a human face." Anti-Soviet demonstrations the following year ushered in a period of harsh repression. With the collapse of Soviet authority in 1989, Czechoslovakia regained its freedom through a peaceful "Velvet Revolution." On 1 January 1993, the country underwent a "velvet divorce" into its two national components, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Now a member of NATO, the Czech Republic has moved toward integration in world markets, a development that poses both opportunities and risks. In December 2002, the Czech Republic was invited to join the European Union (EU). It is expected that the Czech Republic will accede to the EU in 2004.	These uninhabited, barren, sub-Antarctic islands were transferred from the UK to Australia in 1947. Populated by large numbers of seal and bird species, the islands have been designated a nature preserve.
Birth rate	9.08 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $16.7 billion expenditures: $18 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.)	-
Capital	Prague	-
Climate	temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters	antarctic
Coastline	0 km (landlocked)	101.9 km
Constitution	ratified 16 December 1992; effective 1 January 1993	-
Country name	conventional long form: Czech Republic conventional short form: Czech Republic local long form: Ceska Republika local short form: Ceska Republika	conventional long form: Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands conventional short form: Heard Island and McDonald Islands abbreviation: HIMI
Currency	Czech koruna (CZK)	-
Death rate	10.76 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)	-
Debt - external	$24.6 billion (2001)	-
Dependency status	-	territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Antarctic Division of the Department of the Environment and Heritage
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Craig R. STAPLETON embassy: Trziste 15, 118 #01 Prague 1 mailing address: use embassy street address telephone: [420] (2) 5753-0663 FAX: [420] (2) 5753-0583	none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Martin PALOUS chancery: 3900 Spring of Freedom Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 363-6315 FAX: [1] (202) 966-8540 consulate(s) general: Los Angeles and New York	none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international	Liechtenstein's royal family claims restitution for 1,600 sq km of land in the Czech Republic confiscated in 1918; individual Sudeten German claims for restitution of property confiscated in connection with their expulsion after World War II; Austria has minor dispute with Czech Republic over the Temelin nuclear power plant and post-World War II treatment of German-speaking minorities	none
Economic aid - recipient	$NA	-
Economy - overview	Basically one of the most stable and prosperous of the post-Communist states, the Czech Republic has been recovering from recession since mid-1999. Growth in 2000-02 was led by exports to the EU, especially Germany, and foreign investment, while domestic demand is reviving. Uncomfortably high fiscal and current account deficits could be future problems. Unemployment is gradually declining as job creation continues in the rebounding economy. Inflation is moderate. The EU put the Czech Republic just behind Poland and Hungary in preparations for accession, which will give further impetus and direction to structural reform. Moves to complete banking, telecommunications, and energy privatization will encourage additional foreign investment, while intensified restructuring among large enterprises and banks and improvements in the financial sector should strengthen output growth.	No indigenous economic activity, but the Australian Government allows limited fishing around the islands.
Electricity - consumption	54.701 billion kWh (2000)	-
Electricity - exports	18.74 billion kWh (2000)	-
Electricity - imports	8.725 billion kWh (2000)	-
Electricity - production	69.589 billion kWh (2000)	-
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 78% hydro: 3% nuclear: 19% other: 1% (2000)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Elbe River 115 m highest point: Snezka 1,602 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Mawson Peak, on Big Ben 2,745 m
Environment - current issues	air and water pollution in areas of northwest Bohemia and in northern Moravia around Ostrava present health risks; acid rain damaging forests	NA
Environment - international agreements	party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol	-
Ethnic groups	Czech 81.2%, Moravian 13.2%, Slovak 3.1%, Polish 0.6%, German 0.5%, Silesian 0.4%, Roma 0.3%, Hungarian 0.2%, other 0.5% (1991)	-
Exchange rates	koruny per US dollar - 36.325 (January 2002), 38.035 (2001), 38.598 (2000), 34.569 (1999), 32.281 (1998), 31.698 (1997)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003) note: the Czech Republic's first president Vaclav HAVEL stepped down from office on 2 February 2003 having served exactly 10 years; parliament finally elected a successor after two inconclusive elections in January 2003 and three rounds of balloting on 28 February 2003 head of government: Prime Minister Vladimir SPIDLA (since 12 July 2002), Deputy Prime Ministers Pavel RYCHETSKY (since 22 July 1998), Cyril SVOBODA (since July 2002), Stanislav GROSS (since July 2002), Petr MARES (since July 2002) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister elections: president elected by Parliament for a five-year term; last successful election held 28 February 2003 (after earlier elections held 15 and 24 January 2003 were inconclusive); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Vaclav KLAUS elected president on 28 February 2003; Vaclav KLAUS 142 votes, Jan SOKOL 124 votes (third round; combined votes of both chambers of parliament)	-
Exports	$38 billion f.o.b. (2002)	-
Exports - commodities	machinery and transport equipment 44%, intermediate manufactures 25%, chemicals 7%, raw materials and fuel 7% (2000)	-
Exports - partners	Germany 35.4%, Slovakia 7.3%, UK 5.5%, Austria 5.3%, Poland 5.2%, (2001)	-
Fiscal year	calendar year	-
Flag description	two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red with a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side (identical to the flag of the former Czechoslovakia)	the flag of Australia is used
GDP	purchasing power parity - $155.9 billion (2002 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 4% industry: 41% services: 56% (2001)	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $15,300 (2002 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	2.6% (2002 est.)	-
Geographic coordinates	49 45 N, 15 30 E	53 06 S, 72 31 E
Geography - note	landlocked; strategically located astride some of oldest and most significant land routes in Europe; Moravian Gate is a traditional military corridor between the North European Plain and the Danube in central Europe	-
Heliports	2 (2002)	-
Highways	total: 55,432 km paved: 55,432 km (including 499 km of expressways) unpaved: 0 km (2000)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: 4% highest 10%: 22% (1996)	-
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and minor transit point for Latin American cocaine to Western Europe; producer of synthetic drugs for local and regional markets; susceptible to money laundering related to drug trafficking, organized crime	-
Imports	$41.7 billion f.o.b. (2002)	-
Imports - commodities	machinery and transport equipment 40%, intermediate manufactures 21%, raw materials and fuels 13%, chemicals 11% (2000)	-
Imports - partners	Germany 32.9%, Slovakia 6.4%, Russia 6.0%, Italy 5.8%, Austria 4.6% (2001)	-
Independence	1 January 1993 (Czechoslovakia split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia)	-
Industrial production growth rate	3.5% (2002)	-
Industries	metallurgy, machinery and equipment, motor vehicles, glass, armaments	-
Infant mortality rate	5.46 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.2% (2002 est.)	-
International organization participation	ACCT (observer), Australia Group, BIS, CCC, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EU (applicant), FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MONUC, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNMOT, UNOMIG, UPU, WCL, WEU (associate), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO, ZC	-
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	more than 300 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	240 sq km (1998 est.)	0 sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court; Constitutional Court; chairman and deputy chairmen are appointed by the president for a 10-year term	-
Labor force	5.203 million (1999 est.)	-
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 5%, industry 35%, services 60% (2001 est.)	-
Land boundaries	total: 1,881 km border countries: Austria 362 km, Germany 646 km, Poland 658 km, Slovakia 215 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 40% permanent crops: 3.04% other: 56.96% (1998 est.)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)
Languages	Czech	-
Legal system	civil law system based on Austro-Hungarian codes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; legal code modified to bring it in line with Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) obligations and to expunge Marxist-Leninist legal theory	the laws of Australia, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	bicameral Parliament or Parlament consists of the Senate or Senat (81 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms; one-third elected every two years) and the Chamber of Deputies or Poslanecka Snemovna (200 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: Senate - last held in two rounds 25-26 October and 1-2 November 2002 (next to be held NA November 2004); Chamber of Deputies - last held 14-15 June 2002 (next to be held by NA June 2006) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - ODS 26, KDU-CSL 14, CSSD 11, US 9, KSCM 3, independents 18; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - CSSD 30.2%, ODS 24.5%, KSCM 18.5%, KDU-CSL & US-DEU coalition 14.3%, other minor 12.5%; seats by party - CSSD 70, ODS 58, KSCM 41, KDU-CSL 21, US-DEU 10	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 74.95 years male: 71.46 years female: 78.65 years (2002 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: NA total population: 99.9% (1999 est.) male: NA% female: NA%	-
Location	Central Europe, southeast of Germany	islands in the Indian Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Madagascar to Antarctica
Map references	Europe	Antarctic Region
Maritime claims	none (landlocked)	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of Australia; Australia conducts fisheries patrols
Military branches	Army, Air and Air Defense Forces, Territorial Defense Force	-
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$1,190.2 million (FY01)	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	2.1% (FY01)	-
Military manpower - availability	males age 15-49: 2,637,128 (2002 est.)	-
Military manpower - fit for military service	males age 15-49: 2,012,779 (2002 est.)	-
Military manpower - military age	18 years of age (2002 est.)	-
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	males: 69,393 (2002 est.)	-
National holiday	Czech Founding Day, 28 October (1918)	-
Nationality	noun: Czech(s) adjective: Czech	-
Natural hazards	flooding	Mawson Peak, an active volcano, is on Heard Island
Natural resources	hard coal, soft coal, kaolin, clay, graphite, timber	fish
Net migration rate	0.96 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)	-
Pipelines	natural gas 3,550 km (2000)	-
Political parties and leaders	Christian and Democratic Union-Czechoslovak People's Party or KDU-CSL [Cyril SVOBODA, chairman]; Civic Democratic Alliance or ODA [Michael ZANTOVSKY, chairman]; Civic Democratic Party or ODS [Vaclav KLAUS, chairman]; Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia or KSCM [Miroslav GREBENICEK, chairman]; Communist Party of Czechoslovakia or KSC [Miroslav STEPAN, chairman]; Czech National Social Party of CSNS [Jan SULA, chairman]; Czech Social Democratic Party or CSSD [Milos ZEMAN, chairman]; Democratic Union or DEU [Ratibor MAJZLIK, chairman]; Freedom Union or US [Petr MARES, chairman]; Quad Coalition [Karel KUHNL, chairman] (includes KDU-CSL, US, ODA, DEU)	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	Czech-Moravian Confederation of Trade Unions [Richard FALBR]	-
Population	10,256,760 (July 2002 est.)	uninhabited (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Population growth rate	-0.07% (2002 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	Decin, Prague, Usti nad Labem	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 31, FM 304, shortwave 17 (2000)	-
Radios	3,159,134 (December 2000)	-
Railways	total: 9,444 km standard gauge: 9,350 km 1.435-m gauge (2,843 km electrified; 1,929 km double-track) narrow gauge: 94 km 0.760-m gauge (2000 est.)	-
Religions	atheist 39.8%, Roman Catholic 39.2%, Protestant 4.6%, Orthodox 3%, other 13.4%	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.63 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2002 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: privatization and modernization of the Czech telecommunication system got a late start but is advancing steadily; growth in the use of mobile cellular telephones is particularly vigorous domestic: 86% of exchanges now digital; existing copper subscriber systems now being enhanced with Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) equipment to accommodate Internet and other digital signals; trunk systems include fiber-optic cable and microwave radio relay international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intersputnik (Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions), 1 Intelsat, 1 Eutelsat, 1 Inmarsat, 1 Globalstar	-
Telephones - main lines in use	3.869 million (2000)	-
Telephones - mobile cellular	4.346 million (2000)	-
Television broadcast stations	150 (plus 1,434 repeaters) (2000)	-
Terrain	Bohemia in the west consists of rolling plains, hills, and plateaus surrounded by low mountains; Moravia in the east consists of very hilly country	Heard Island - 80% ice-covered, bleak and mountainous, dominated by a large massif (Big Ben) and an active volcano (Mawson Peak); McDonald Islands - small and rocky
Total fertility rate	1.18 children born/woman (2002 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	8.5% (2002 est.)	-
Waterways	303 km note: (the Labe (Elbe) is the principal river) (2000)	-

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